The Fidas ® 200 E differs from the Fidas® 200 in that the complete sensor unit is removed from the control unit and is placed in an external housing. The connection between the sensor unit and the control unit is carried out via respective connecting lines/-tubes (standard length 3 m, different lengths upon request). The separated sensor unit is connected to the sampling system (outlet of IADS). The control unit can be installed in an existing rack up to a distance of 3 m. With the separated sensor unit the degree of freedom for the installation of the measuring system in a measuring station is increased significantly. This applies especially to already given infrastructures (e.g. existing roof penetrations from former installations). The sensor unit can also easily be re-installed in the control unit, so that at any time the measuring system Fidas® 200 E can be transferred back to the measuring system Fidas ® 200.
The Fidas ®200 E enables the continuous and simultaneous measurement of PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10, TSP (PMtot), as well as the particle number concentration and the particle size distribution in a size range of 180 nm to 18 µm (further non-certified size ranges possible upon request).
The Fidas® 200 E is together with
the Fidas® 200 and the Fidas® 200 S currently the only optical ambient air measuring system for online and simultaneous
PM2.5- and PM10-measurements at single particles (counting measuring method), which is type-approved according to the
Standards VDI 4202-1, VDI 4203-3, EN 12341 (PM10), EN 14907 (PM2,5) and the EN Equivalence Guide GDE and certified according
to the Standards EN 15267-1 and -2. The publication of the declaration of suitability of the Fidas® 200 E was carried out
first in the German Federal Gazette BAnz 14th March 2016 B7 in chapter V notification 6, a respective confirmation to the EN 15267
certificate will be published at short notice
The Fidas® 200 E uses the recognized measurement technology of optical light scattering of single particles and is equipped with an LED light source with high intensity (dpmin = 180 nm), highly stable output and long lifetime. The calibration of the system can be checked and adjusted, if necessary, easily and quickly also under field conditions on site at any time with the help of a monodisperse test powder.
The Fidas® 200 E operates with a volume flow of approx. 0.3 m3/h and is equipped with a Sigma‐2 sampling head as per Standard VDI 2119-4, which enables representative measurements even under strong wind conditions. The sampling system includes a drying system (intelligent aerosol drying system – IADS) that prevents measurement inaccuracies caused by condensation effects resulting from high humidity. In addition, a weather station provides reliable results for ambient air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity, by request additionally also for wind velocity, wind direction and precipitation. It is also equipped with a filter holder for the insertion of a plane filter (47 or 50 mm in diameter). This enables a subsequent chemical analysis of the composition of the aerosol, for example.
The Fidas® 200 E offers various possibilities for communication and allows both complete remote control and remote maintenance of the systems and also online data access via www.palas.de/user. The evaluation software PDAnalyze Fidas® allows additionally for versatile data evaluations (e.g. extensive statistics and averaging calculations) and offers data export possibilities.
Design and function
The actual aerosol sensor is an optical aerosol spectrometer that determines the particle size using Lorenz‐Mie scattered light analysis of single particles. The single particles move through an optically differentiated measurement volume that is homogeneously illuminated with white light. Each particle generates a scattered light impulse that is detected at an angle of 85° to 95° degrees. The particle number is measured based on the number of scattered light impulses. The level of the scattered light impulse is a measure of the particle size diameter.
The lower detection limit for immission measurement was able to be reduced to 180 nm through improved optics, higher light density using a new white LED as the light source, and improved signal analysis (logarithmic analog digital converter). This enables greatly improved detection, especially of smaller particles, which are mainly found at high concentrations near roadsides (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 1: Higher sensitivity with the Fidas®fine dust measurement system for the 0.18 – 18 µm particle size range
The better the classification accuracy and the resolution capacity, the more accurate the definition of the particle size distribution.
Using a white light source enables a precise and unambiguous calibration curve to be obtained, resulting in an extremely high size resolution. The patented T-stop provides a precisely defined optical measurement volume and enables particle measurement without border-zone errors, resulting in a precise size measurement. The new digitized electronic signal analysis system enables the rapid identification and correction of coincidence, as necessary.
Fig. 2: Comparison of the algorithms for conversion of the particle size distribution by PM values
In order to convert the measured values into a mass or mass fraction, the high-resolution particle size distribution in each value is
multiplied by a correlation factor that reflects the different sources (e.g. combustion aerosols, tire wear, pollen) of the environmental
aerosol (see Fig. 2). A mass fraction is obtained by additionally applying the separation curve (see DIN EN 481) to the determined particle size
distribution. Exact matches with gravimetric results cannot be guaranteed in every case due to the different principle of measurement
(equivalent method), but as a matter of principle a very good correlation with the standard reference method (see Fig. 3) could be demonstrated
among others during the type approval testing and can be reviewed in the type approval test report of the Fidas®200 S respectively
Fidas®200 under
Fig. 3: PM10 reference equivalence function of the Fidas®200 S in comparison with a reference small-filter device during the course of suitability testing from the "Report on supplementary testing of the Fidas®200 S respectively Fidas®200 measuring system manufactured by Palas® GmbH for the components suspended particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, TÜV report no.: 936/21227195/A".
Multiple separation curves can be used simultaneously for the same size distribution, which enables the simultaneous output of PM10, PM2.5, PM1 (and others).
EOT; $markup[] = <<The Fidas ® 200 E differs from the Fidas® 200 in that the complete sensor unit is removed from the control unit and is placed in an external housing. The connection between the sensor unit and the control unit is carried out via respective connecting lines/-tubes (standard length 3 m, different lengths upon request). The separated sensor unit is connected to the sampling system (outlet of IADS). The control unit can be installed in an existing rack up to a distance of 3 m. With the separated sensor unit the degree of freedom for the installation of the measuring system in a measuring station is increased significantly. This applies especially to already given infrastructures (e.g. existing roof penetrations from former installations). The sensor unit can also easily be re-installed in the control unit, so that at any time the measuring system Fidas® 200 E can be transferred back to the measuring system Fidas ® 200.
The Fidas ®200 E enables the continuous and simultaneous measurement of PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10, TSP (PMtot), as well as the particle number concentration and the particle size distribution in a size range of 180 nm to 18 µm (further non-certified size ranges possible upon request).
The Fidas® 200 E is together with
the Fidas® 200 and the Fidas® 200 S currently the only optical ambient air measuring system for online and simultaneous
PM2.5- and PM10-measurements at single particles (counting measuring method), which is type-approved according to the
Standards VDI 4202-1, VDI 4203-3, EN 12341 (PM10), EN 14907 (PM2,5) and the EN Equivalence Guide GDE and certified according
to the Standards EN 15267-1 and -2. The publication of the declaration of suitability of the Fidas® 200 E was carried out
first in the German Federal Gazette BAnz 14th March 2016 B7 in chapter V notification 6, a respective confirmation to the EN 15267
certificate will be published at short notice
The Fidas® 200 E operates with a volume flow of approx. 0.3 m3/h and is equipped with a Sigma‐2 sampling head as per Standard VDI 2119-4, which enables representative measurements even under strong wind conditions. The sampling system includes a drying system (intelligent aerosol drying system – IADS) that prevents measurement inaccuracies caused by condensation effects resulting from high humidity. In addition, a weather station provides reliable results for ambient air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity, by request additionally also for wind velocity, wind direction and precipitation. It is also equipped with a filter holder for the insertion of a plane filter (47 or 50 mm in diameter). This enables a subsequent chemical analysis of the composition of the aerosol, for example.
The Fidas® 200 E offers various possibilities for communication and allows both complete remote control and remote maintenance of the systems and also online data access via www.palas.de/user. The evaluation software PDAnalyze Fidas® allows additionally for versatile data evaluations (e.g. extensive statistics and averaging calculations) and offers data export possibilities.
Design and function
The actual aerosol sensor is an optical aerosol spectrometer that determines the particle size using Lorenz‐Mie scattered light analysis of single particles. The single particles move through an optically differentiated measurement volume that is homogeneously illuminated with white light. Each particle generates a scattered light impulse that is detected at an angle of 85° to 95° degrees. The particle number is measured based on the number of scattered light impulses. The level of the scattered light impulse is a measure of the particle size diameter.
The lower detection limit for immission measurement was able to be reduced to 180 nm through improved optics, higher light density using a new white LED as the light source, and improved signal analysis (logarithmic analog digital converter). This enables greatly improved detection, especially of smaller particles, which are mainly found at high concentrations near roadsides (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 1: Higher sensitivity with the Fidas®fine dust measurement system for the 0.18 – 18 µm particle size range
The better the classification accuracy and the resolution capacity, the more accurate the definition of the particle size distribution.
Using a white light source enables a precise and unambiguous calibration curve to be obtained, resulting in an extremely high size resolution. The patented T-stop provides a precisely defined optical measurement volume and enables particle measurement without border-zone errors, resulting in a precise size measurement. The new digitized electronic signal analysis system enables the rapid identification and correction of coincidence, as necessary.
Fig. 2: Comparison of the algorithms for conversion of the particle size distribution by PM values
In order to convert the measured values into a mass or mass fraction, the high-resolution particle size distribution in each value is
multiplied by a correlation factor that reflects the different sources (e.g. combustion aerosols, tire wear, pollen) of the environmental
aerosol (see Fig. 2). A mass fraction is obtained by additionally applying the separation curve (see DIN EN 481) to the determined particle size
distribution. Exact matches with gravimetric results cannot be guaranteed in every case due to the different principle of measurement
(equivalent method), but as a matter of principle a very good correlation with the standard reference method (see Fig. 3) could be demonstrated
among others during the type approval testing and can be reviewed in the type approval test report of the Fidas®200 S respectively
Fidas®200 under
Fig. 3: PM10 reference equivalence function of the Fidas®200 S in comparison with a reference small-filter device during the course of suitability testing from the "Report on supplementary testing of the Fidas®200 S respectively Fidas®200 measuring system manufactured by Palas® GmbH for the components suspended particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, TÜV report no.: 936/21227195/A".
Multiple separation curves can be used simultaneously for the same size distribution, which enables the simultaneous output of PM10, PM2.5, PM1 (and others).
EOT; $markup[] = <<Zusammen kommen ist der Beginn. Zusammen bleiben ist Fortschritt. Zusammen arbeiten ist Erfolg. (Henry Ford)
Ein wichtiger Partner unseres Unternehmens ist das Fraunhofer Institut für Verkehrs- und Infrastruktursysteme IVI. Mit einem weit gefächerten Themenspektrum der Bereiche Verkehrstelematik, Disposition, Logistik sowie Fahrzeug-, Antriebs- und Sensortechnik, aber auch auf den Gebieten Information, Kommunikation, Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrsökologie stellt sich das Fraunhofer IVI den aktuellen Anforderungen der Zeit.
Das IVI war unser erster Kunde und hat während der Jahre 2011 bis 2015 in enger Kooperation in verschiedenen Projekten mit vielen innovativen Ideen zur Weiterentwicklung unseres HORUS beigetragen.
Die HiSystems GmbH in Niedersachsen entwickelt und vertreibt Leistungs- und Lageregelungselektronik für Flugroboter. In der Zusammenarbeit mit Mikrokopter haben wir einen Partner gefunden, der die notwendige Qualität und Sicherheit für unsere Flugroboter bietet. Die Bauteile "made in Germany" werden ständig weiterentwickelt, sodass unsere Flugroboter immer auf dem neusten Stand sind.
Das Institut für Leichtbau und Kunststofftechnik (ILK) der Technischen Universität Dresden führt umfangreiche Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten auf dem Gebiet beanspruchungsgerechter Leichtbaustrukturen und -systeme durch. Dabei wird ein werkstoff- und produktübergreifender Ansatz zu Grunde gelegt, der durchgängig die gesamte Entwicklungskette – Werkstoff, Konstruktion, Simulation, Fertigung, Prototyp, Test, Qualitätssicherung, Kosten – umfasst. Entsprechend breit ist fachlich und personell das ILK-Team aufgestellt.
Die Leichtbau-Systemtechnologien KORROPOL (LSK) ist eine international ausgewiesene Hightech-Manufaktur für innovative Leichtbauanwendungen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau, der Luft- und Raumfahrt sowie der Energietechnik. Mit mehr als 50 Jahren Erfahrung in Faserverbund ist LSK eines der traditionsreichsten Unternehmen der GFK- und CFK-Verarbeitung in Deutschland. LSK fertigt aktuell auf ca. 2.000 m² Produktionsfläche vorrangig Prototypen, Einzelstücke und Kleinserien sowie die hierfür notwendigen GFK-Formwerkzeuge.
Die Verkehrsunfallforschung an der TU Dresden ist seit 2005 als Tochter der TU Dresden Aktiengesellschaft (TUDAG) in Form einer GmbH organisiert.
Deren Aufgabengebiete sind die Erhebung, Auswertung und Dokumentation von Realunfalldaten im Straßenverkehr, um mit diesen Daten die Sicherheit von Verkehrsteilnehmern, Fahrzeugen und Verkehrsanlagen weiterentwickeln zu können. Des Weiteren versucht die VUFO mit diesen Informationen eine Verbesserung des Rettungswesens und der medizinischen Notfallversorgung zu erreichen und damit zur Verringerung von materiellen und Personenschäden beizutragen sowie die Anzahl von Verkehrsunfällen zu verringern. Aktuell arbeiten wir mit der VUFO im Bereich 3D-Datenerfassung von Unfallszenarien zusammen.
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